ALERT ...Zebra Mussels Found In Colorado!

Zebra mussels, an invasive species that has inflicted more than a billion dollars in damages to other states, have been found at Lake Pueblo State Park by researchers from the Colorado Division of Wildlife and Colorado State Parks. Two adult mussels and one immature specimen were found on sampling gear in the reservoir and larva, known as veligers, were also found. DOW and Parks personnel have been conducting field sampling efforts for several years to evaluate lakes and reservoirs throughout Colorado for the presence of aquatic invasive species. Zebra mussels and other invasive species can be environmentally and economically detrimental to the state, its wildlife and recreation resources. This winter, additional sampling is planned at Lake Pueblo State Park to determine the degree of infestation and exact mussel species. State Parks and DOW are preparing a concerted effort to notify recreational users at Pueblo Reservoir, and other state parks, about the potential impacts of zebra mussels. The Pueblo State Fish Hatchery, which receives its water supply from Pueblo Reservoir, will undergo testing to determine options to prevent the spread of adult mussels and veligers. Sampling inspections have been conducted to determine if zebra mussels or larvae are present in the hatchery unit, but none have been detected. Pueblo Hatchery raises a variety of warm and cold water species of fish (walleye, bluegill, crappie, channel catfish, smallmouth bass, wiper, rainbow, cutthroat X rainbow hybrid, and brown trout) and distributes these fish across the state each year. There will be no fish stocking from the Pueblo Hatchery until April this year. Effective water treatment options exist to eliminate zebra mussel adults and veligers prior to the fish being stocked. All boaters and other water craft recreational users should take simple, precautionary steps every time they go to a lake, river or stream. Before leaving a lake or other waterway, always: CLEAN the hull of your boat. DRAIN the water from the boat, livewell and the lower unit of the engine. DRY the boat, fishing gear, and equipment. INSPECT all exposed surfaces. REMOVE all plant and animal material. Remember, many of these aquatic hitchhikers can harm your boat as well. These invaders will attach themselves to boats and can cause damage to boat motors if they block the flow of cooling water through the engine. However, zebra mussels do not pose a known threat to human health. Biologists are concerned that zebra mussels may cause ecological shifts in the lakes they invade, with consequences to valued wildlife resources. Because these invasive mussels attach to hard surfaces like concrete and pipes, they will affect canals, aqueducts, water intakes and dams, resulting in increased maintenance costs for those facilities. The zebra mussel gets its name from the black- (or dark brown) and white-striped markings that appear on its shell. Zebra mussels are native to the Caspian, Black, and Azov seas of Eastern Europe. These exotic mussels were first discovered in the United States in Lake Saint Clair, Michigan, in 1988 and are believed to have been introduced in 1986 through ballast water discharge from ocean-going ships. Since their initial discovery, zebra mussels have spread rapidly throughout the Great Lakes and Mississippi River Basin states and other watersheds throughout the eastern and central United States. The primary method of overland dispersal of these mussels is through human-related activities. Given their ability to attach to hard surfaces and survive out of water, many infestations have occurred by adult mussels hitching rides on watercraft. The microscopic larvae also can be transported in bilges, ballast water, live wells, or any other equipment that holds water. They are primarily algae feeders. They feed by filtering up to a liter of water per day through a siphon. These mussels consume large portions of the microscopic plants and animals that form the base of the food web. The removal of significant amounts of phytoplankton from the water can cause a shift in native species and a disruption of the ecological balance a lake or other waterway. These mussels can settle in massive colonies that can block water intake and affect municipal water supply and agricultural irrigation and power plant operation. In the United States, Congressional researchers estimated that zebra mussels alone cost the power industry $3.1 billion in the 1993-1999 period, with their impact on industries, businesses, and communities more than $5 billion. For more information, visit www.100thmeridian.org Deb Frazier Communications Director Colorado Department of Natural Resources (303) 866-5887 Cell: (303) 514-8920 deb.frazier@state.co.us

Web site design & administration by: Perry D. Brewer, Area Extension Agent (Tech. Ed./Youth), Golden Plains Area For questions regarding this web site: perry.brewer@colostate.edu 2/6/2008